Patanjali Yogasutra 1.33:
मैत्रीकरुणामुदितोपेक्षाणां सुखदुःखपुण्यापुण्यविषयाणां भावनातश्चित्तप्रसादनम् ॥ १.३३॥
"By cultivating attitudes of friendliness towards the happy, compassion for the unhappy, delight in the virtuous, and equanimity towards the non-virtuous, the mind becomes serene."
Patanjali's Yogasutra 1.33 emphasizes the importance of maintaining a balanced and serene mind through specific attitudes towards different types of people and situations. The Sutra suggests that by adopting friendliness (maitri) towards those who are happy, we can share in their joy without envy. Compassion (karuna) towards those who are suffering helps us to connect with their pain and offer support, fostering a sense of empathy and kindness.
Delight (mudita) in the virtuous encourages us to appreciate and celebrate the goodness in others, reinforcing positive behavior and creating a supportive community. Equanimity (upeksha) towards the non-virtuous allows us to remain unaffected by negativity and maintain our inner peace. This attitude helps us to avoid getting entangled in the faults of others and keeps our mind clear and focused.
Overall, these attitudes contribute to a state of mental clarity and tranquility (chittaprasadanam). By practicing these virtues, we can navigate life's ups and downs with a calm and composed mind, leading to a more harmonious and fulfilling existence.
Swami Vivekanand says:
"We must have these four sorts of ideas. We must have friendship for all; we must be merciful towards those that are in misery; when people are happy we ought to be happy, and to the wicked we must be indifferent. So with all subjects that come before us. If the subject is a good one, we shall feel friendly towards it; if the subject of thought is one that is miserable, we must be merciful towards the subject. If it is good, we must be glad, if it is evil we must be indifferent. These attitudes of the mind towards the different subjects that come before it will make the mind peaceful."
Comparison with Similar Verses from Vedic Texts
Bhagavad Gita 12.13-14
अद्वेष्टा सर्वभूतानां मैत्र: करुण एव च |
निर्ममो निरहङ्कार: समदु:खसुख: क्षमी ||13||
सन्तुष्ट: सततं योगी यतात्मा दृढनिश्चय: |
मय्यर्पितमनोबुद्धिर्यो मद्भक्त: स मे प्रिय: ||14||
"Those devotees are very dear to Me who are free from malice toward all living beings, who are friendly, and compassionate. They are free from attachment to possessions and egotism, equipoised in happiness and distress, and ever-forgiving. They are ever-content, steadily united with Me in Devotion, self-controlled, of firm resolve, and dedicated to Me in mind and intellect."
Mundaka Upanishad 3.1.5
सत्येन लभ्यस्तपसा ह्येष आत्मा सम्यग्ज्ञानेन ब्रह्मचर्येण नित्यम्। अन्तःशरीरे ज्योतिरमयो हि शुभ्रो यं पश्यन्ति यतयः क्षीणदोषाः॥ ३.१.५॥
"The Self is attained through Truth, austerity, right knowledge, and constant practice of chastity. Within the body, the Self, which is full of light and pure, is seen by the sages who have no imperfections."
Yoga Vashishta 6.1.32
वसुधैव कुटुम्बकम्॥ ६.१.३२॥
"The world is one family."
These verses from the Bhagavad Gita, Mundaka Upanishad, and Yoga Vashishta echo the themes of compassion, equanimity, and universal brotherhood found in Patanjali's Yogasutra 1.33. They emphasize the importance of maintaining a balanced mind and a compassionate heart towards all beings, which ultimately leads to inner peace and spiritual growth.
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