Chapter-3, Sutra 48

Patanjali Yogasutra 3.48 

 ततो मनोजवित्वं विकरणभावः प्रधानजयश्च।

"From that (mastery of the senses) arises the speed of the mind, the ability to function without the sense organs, and mastery over Pradhana (the fundamental nature or primal matter)."

In this Sutra, Patanjali explains the powers achieved by a yogi who attains mastery over the senses through advanced yogic practices. The first attainment mentioned is manojavitva, the "speed of the mind." This implies that the yogi can move with the swiftness of thought, transcending physical limitations. The implication here is profound: the yogi has refined his mind to such an extent that his intentions can manifest instantly, reflecting the yogi's alignment with Pure Consciousness and his transcendence of physical boundaries. This extraordinary ability, however, is not for mundane pursuits but reflects a higher state of mental control and spiritual achievement.

The second part of the Sutra, 

vikaraṇabhava, means the "state of functioning without the physical sense organs." It indicates that the yogi's Consciousness becomes so refined that he can perceive Reality directly, without needing the senses as intermediaries. This direct perception, akin to clairvoyance, implies that the yogi can interact with the world in a subtle, refined way, unhindered by physical sensory limitations. This state is possible because the yogi's awareness has reached a level where the separation between the seer and the seen dissolves, allowing him to access knowledge and experiences beyond ordinary perception.

Finally, pradhana-jaya refers to the "mastery over Pradhana," which is the primal or fundamental nature that underlies the material world. By conquering Pradhana, the yogi gains control over the building blocks of existence itself. This signifies the culmination of yogic attainment, where the yogi can influence the very essence of matter. Patanjali points toward a complete dominion over prakriti 

(nature), symbolizing the yogi's transcendence of the material realm and aligning his Consciousness with the Higher Reality of Purusha (Pure Consciousness). This Mastery is symbolic of the yogi’s union with the Ultimate Reality, having moved beyond all duality and limitations.

Comparative Verses from Other Vedic Texts

For a broader context, several verses from other Vedic texts echo these ideas of transcending sensory and physical limitations and gaining mastery over nature.

Mundaka Upanishad 3.2.9:

 यदा पश्यः पश्यते रुक्मवर्णं कर्तारमीशं पुरुषं ब्रह्मयोनिम्। तदा विद्यावान् पापमविद्यं निःसृत्य देवा अंशेमृत्योः परम्।

"When the seer sees the golden-colored creator, the Lord, the Purusha, the Source of Brahman, then, having become wise, having overcome both good and evil, and freed from ignorance, he attains the Supreme State beyond death."

This verse from the Mundaka Upanishad reflects the yogic ideal of transcending ignorance and achieving unity with the Supreme Consciousness, much like the freedom from Pradhana or primal nature mentioned in Patanjali’s Sutra.

Bhagavad Gita 6.8:

 ज्ञानविज्ञानतृप्तात्मा कूटस्थो विजितेन्द्रियः। युक्त इत्युच्यते योगी समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः।।

"The yogi whose mind is satisfied by Knowledge and Realization, who remains undisturbed, has conquered the senses, and sees everything—from a clod of earth to gold—with equanimity, is said to be firmly established in yoga."

In this verse, Krishna describes the state of a yogi who has mastery over the senses (vijitendriyah), echoing Patanjali’s idea of achieving independence from sensory organs. 

Such Mastery reflects equanimity and an elevated awareness that no longer differentiates between material objects.

Yoga Vashishta 6.1.20:

 मनोदशायां त्वतिगं प्रपन्ने चिदात्मनः। न विकारो न वै किञ्चित् स्फुरत्येव सदा स्फुटम्।

"When the mind transcends itself and merges with Pure Consciousness, there is neither transformation nor any activity; only Pure, Clear Awareness shines forth."

The Yoga Vashishta here speaks of the state where the mind transcends ordinary experience, aligning with Patanjali's mention of "speed of the mind" and Mastery over sense perception. This verse underscores the pure, undisturbed awareness that emerges in deep yogic Realization.

These comparative verses from Vedic texts reflect similar themes of transcending the sensory world, mastering the mind, and connecting to the Ultimate Reality, aligning with Patanjali’s view on the advanced attainments of a yogi. Through these comparisons, we see how the journey of Inner Mastery and the transcendence of material constraints are universally acknowledged across Vedic philosophy as paths to Spiritual Realization.